Snap Shot of a Dog Essay -- English Literature Essays

Snap Shot of a DogJames Thurber is a famous and popular American writer and artist. His jocose prose and drawing are never gay because the enthusiasm is dampened by melancholy. His fantastic characters are mostly animals whose balance of life is distorted and disturbed by a malignant fate.Snap Shot of a Dog is taken from THE THURBER CARNIVAL which contains his most impressive work. Many of his writings and drawings deal with dogs. He understands them and he has the nerve center of being able to communicate his understanding to the reader.This piece is typical of Thurber. It is both humorous and serious as his writings usually are. The story flows along substantially and smoothly and the reader has the impression that the writer is talking to him. The writer looks upon the dog sympathetically and at times affectionately. Rex was the name of the authors pet dog. He was no doubt a dog of his own type who was fond of adventures. This account is as such written objectively. The dog has been dead long ago. The depot of the dog is still fresh in the mind of writer when he wrote this story. Rex was a bull terrier. He has a strong built. Indeed he was a beauty. The writer and his two brothers loved it dearly. He was a faithful dog and carried out all the orders of his maters. There was nothing impossible in his world.The writer describes certain(a) qualities of his pet. Though he was strong and pugnacious yet he never started the fight. He had a gentle nature. He never bit anybo...

The Lovemad Woman in Nineteenth Century Literature :: literature literary criticism

The Lovemad Woman in Nineteenth Century Literature The lovemad woman was a very important part of nineteenth-century literature. The lovemad woman, originally characterized as a female who becomes insane collectable to the departure of her lover, was an important character in literature. From Antigone to Ophelia to Jane Eyre, the lovemad woman is seen end-to-end literature in various contexts. The definition of such a woman changed as the definition of what is it to be a woman in general changed throughout history. Love madness was seen both in the literature of the nineteenth century and in reality. At the time, the definition of insanity and how it should be treated was going low dramatic changes. Love madness was seen as a primarily female disease. Insanity in general was seen to occur more often in females due to their natural weakness. Being female was almost a form of insanity because of what is seen as their biological inferiority. Living in a male-dominated society, women were forced to be weak, to be sickly. Women were looked at as unnatural if they were too forceful in their actions and emotions. They were also looked down upon if they expressed their knowledgeableity too blatantly. Love madness itself is linked with sexual knowledge and innocence (Small 83). A woman was in danger of becoming mad if she had too much sexual knowledge A young noblewoman was only worth as much as her chastity and appearance of complete innocence . . . . Once lead astray, she was the fallen woman, and nothing could reconcile her until she died (Lee). Nineteenth-century British society was able to brainwash females into ignoring their sexuality through tales of Medusa-like creatures (Gilbert 53). Young women would hear various tales of women who had given into their carnal desires and then as punishment became virtual monsters. An representative of this can be seen in Bertha Mason, who becomes a monster due to her overpowering sexual nature. Elaine Showalter addresses these legends in her book, A Literature of Their Own, by saying the legends themselves express a cultural attitude toward female passion as a potentially dangerous force that must be punished and confined (Showalter 119). These monsters of women are experiencing what became to be known as moral insanity. J.C. Prichard defined moral insanity as a morbid perversion of the natural feelings, affections, inclinations, temper, habits, and moral dispositions without any notable lesion of the thinker ( Small 163).

Stories and a White Man: An Open Letter to My Navaho Students :: Essays Papers

Stories and a White Man An Open Letter to My Navaho StudentsSome of your Elders encourage you to leave the university and return to the reservation. They tell you that the university is not for you. I respect your Elders because I understand that they wish the best for you, but I cannot agree with them. Come here. Lets share a place together, here on this page, as real as Second Mesa where the wind makes its own stories and all of us must listen to the language of Crow in order to find our way home. adjust now lets share a place where we wait trustingly and where storytellers are never victims because they have their stories to protect them. Let our mo ment together be a home of stories, and let us agree to live in a world where such a place as this one exists.My Uncle Mace was infixed American. Im not sure what nation he came from, but I understand it was one of those civilized tribes because unlike the Apache they did not tell jokes that ended with White men are stupid. So White men called them civilized. Uncle Mace told me stories. He would start with, Now, everything I tell you is true. Then he would tell me something confusing and crazy and wonderful, something close to bears or ants or giants. Some of his favorite stories were about a race of great ones who were men but did things men could not do. Anyway, I believed they were true stories, and I have to admit that I probably still do. Theres a place in me where Uncle Mace still lives. My great grandfather used to take me a farseeing when he went to visit sick animals. He was a homemade veterinarian, and the farmers loved him because they never got around to paying him. His specialty was to cure bloated cattle. He would walk up beside the animal and stick a knife into its belly. Anyway, he always drank whisky as we drove along, and he always made up songs. He had a voice filtered through gravel and tar, but the songs were stories, and I believed them like the stories of my Uncle Mace. One song went som ething like this When I was a young manI had long green pants.I wore them all daybut they were full of ants. Sometimes at night I would wonder how he was able to get along with his green-ant pants.

Fundamentals of Management :: essays research papers

Functions of ManagementThere are four different functions of management. In this paper, I will define these functions planning, organizing, leading and controlling. I will also pardon how each of these functions relates to my own constitution. Bateman and Snell (2004) define management as the process of works with people and resources to accomplish organizational goals. By utilizing the four different functions of management companies hatful work with their employees and other resources to reach the organizations goals.Planning empennage be used to help the organization map out a way to efficiently come through their goals. The beginning of the planning process should include analyzing of the current situation. From this information the company can determine the goals and start to outline the steps that need to be taken to ensure that the goal will be met. Other planning activities that should be completed are determining the companys objectives and were they want to be in the future. This will help them to choose their business objectives and strategies. In addition, the company should look at the resources that they have available and determine if they are sufficient to achieve the organizations goals.This leads to organizing. Organizing is do through assembling and coordinating financial, human, physical, informational and other resources need to achieve the goals. (Bateman & Snell, 2004) Recruiting is a large part of organizing. Human resources are an important role. The company must try out to attract the people needed to properly staff the organization to be able to meet the goals. The employees in an organization can be considered the most precious asset at times. In addition, by specifying job tasks and grouping them into work units it helps to better organize the work load and resources. In order to do this the organization must management the tasks and personnel. Leading is mobilizing or stimulating people to achieve their best. Managers nee d to be able to motivate their employees to achieve the business group and general organizational goals. One way for a manager to do this is through close contact and communication on a daily basis. Workers that get arrogant feedback and motivation from their managers are going to be more willing to help the team achieve the goal at hand. Through leading their employees the manager can ensure that the team is working well together and is efficiently reaching their goals. If the manager is working closely with the team they will know when something is not working and can take immediate action to correct it.

The Celtic Appreciation of Nature Essay -- essays research papers

The Celtic Appreciation of NatureIn doing this appellative, I was smell forward to becoming more appreciative of nature, and all that it has to offer us, wanting a better understanding of it all. It seems that we take all of the beauty of our earth for granted, we ar spoiled and it shows. In completing this practicum, I hoped to return to a state of mind where everything I see has beauty in it, like a child seeing things for the first snip, when everything is so fascinating, that touching it in complete awe is all I want to do.The Celtic appreciation of nature is what influenced the path I took with this day of reflection. The way they loved it as though it was their child, the way they respected it as though it was their mother, and even the way they feared it, as if it was their school principle (for lose of a better term). They held Mother Earths gifts in such high regard, and that is what, to me, is so wonderful about them.Throughout the day I told myself repetitively that, The world was not created for us, but us for her. I felt that personifying earth was more appropriate, considering its so alive with so many things that are, and possibly depart forever be, unfathomable to us. This was my Lorica, I also wrote a poem that is at the end that meant a lot to me and reflects the way I felt darn the sun was descending.I referred a lot to the Thomas Berry video, recognizing the fact that his feelings are another inspiration for this day. He too, feels that we are way to ungrateful of our natural surroundings, and that we should commute our ways to preserve what is left. I also used an internet article by Carl McColman titled, Celtic Spirituality an Interfaith Approach What is Celtic Spirituality? he also describes the Celtic Faith as beingearthy, natural, of the soil, of the clay. This is true whether your particular flavor of Celtic wisdom is Pagan, Christian, New Age, or some hybrid thereof. Celtic spirituality is the spirituality of land, sea, and sky of the rocksand the trees and the animals of holy wells and standing st bingles and windswepttors. The earth is our mother we must take care of her . . . this is not only a native American sentiment, it is a truly Celtic sentiment as well.(www.druid.org)I felt this was a wonderful statement, because it was what I was thinking the majority of the time ... ...beautiful. But through all this wonderful mental working out, I had one fear, the fear that sticks with me no matter where I go, the fear of failure. Whenever that thought crept into my mind, my tree trunk became so paralyzed with fear that I would get this immense sensation of being hot. I could feel my face turn a bright shadow of crimson, and my eyes welled up with tears to the point that one time all I could do was break down.I have to admit coming into this assignment I was very apprehensive. It seemed really out there and a big waste of my time to sit alone for 5 hours straight. Even in the beginning, while I was the re I was wary of it all. I almost had to laugh at myself at some points. But as my day carried on, I learned, felt, and confined so much, that now I feel ashamed for ever doubting it. And now I have this grasp of nature and spirituality as one common ground that I thought I would never have. I take the time to stop and think about if what I have been taught, or everything I believed to be true ever was. I question things instead of just accepting them. I go beyond the surface of everything in smell now.

The Celtic Appreciation of Nature Essay -- essays research papers

The Gaelic Appreciation of NatureIn doing this identification, I was smell forward to becoming more appreciative of nature, and all that it has to offer us, wanting a better understanding of it all. It seems that we take all of the beauty of our earth for granted, we atomic number 18 spoiled and it shows. In completing this practicum, I hoped to return to a state of mind where everything I see has beauty in it, like a kid seeing things for the first era, when everything is so fascinating, that touching it in complete awe is all I want to do.The Celtic appreciation of nature is what influenced the path I took with this day of reflection. The way they loved it as though it was their child, the way they respected it as though it was their mother, and even the way they feared it, as if it was their school principle (for lack of a better term). They held Mother Earths gifts in such high regard, and that is what, to me, is so wonderful about them.Throughout the day I told myself rep etitively that, The world was not created for us, but us for her. I felt that personifying earth was more appropriate, considering its so alive with so many things that are, and possibly leave forever be, unfathomable to us. This was my Lorica, I also wrote a poem that is at the end that meant a lot to me and reflects the way I felt period the sunlight was descending.I referred a lot to the Thomas Berry video, recognizing the fact that his feelings are another inspiration for this day. He too, feels that we are way to ungrateful of our natural surroundings, and that we should switch our ways to preserve what is left. I also used an internet article by Carl McColman titled, Celtic Spirituality an Interfaith Approach What is Celtic Spirituality? he also describes the Celtic Faith as beingearthy, natural, of the soil, of the clay. This is true whether your particular flavor of Celtic wisdom is Pagan, Christian, New Age, or some hybrid thereof. Celtic spirituality is the spirituali ty of land, sea, and sky of the rocksand the trees and the animals of holy wells and standing st unmatcheds and windswepttors. The earth is our mother we must take care of her . . . this is not only a native American sentiment, it is a truly Celtic sentiment as well.(www.druid.org)I felt this was a wonderful statement, because it was what I was thinking the majority of the time ... ...beautiful. But through all this wonderful mental working out, I had one fear, the fear that sticks with me no matter where I go, the fear of failure. Whenever that thought crept into my mind, my carcass became so paralyzed with fear that I would get this immense sensation of being hot. I could feel my face turn a bright culture of crimson, and my eyes welled up with tears to the point that one time all I could do was break down.I have to admit coming into this assignment I was very apprehensive. It seemed really out there and a big waste of my time to sit alone for 5 hours straight. Even in the begi nning, while I was there I was wary of it all. I almost had to laugh at myself at some points. But as my day carried on, I learned, felt, and cloaked so much, that now I feel ashamed for ever doubting it. And now I have this grasp of nature and spirituality as one common ground that I thought I would never have. I take the time to stop and think about if what I have been taught, or everything I believed to be true ever was. I question things instead of just accepting them. I go beyond the surface of everything in support now.

Marine Corps

I want to be a Marine Corps officer to serve my country. It is in my blood That is my first priority and will always be my first priority. Yes, it is great that an NROTC scholarship would pay for my tuition and fees and so on. However, whiz do-nothingnot put a price on the pride and dignity of being an officer in the Marine Corps. No one in the world has greater talent, leadership, and determination to take the initiative, than a Marine Officer.Through Varsity sports, DECA, and over sixty community service hours, Ive learned how to lead a team, spiel with others to accomplish a mission, and that being a leader is hard work. However, there is no doubt that I am ready and willing to take on the challenge of being a leader. A leader of men who are the proudest and most feared warriors in this world, a leader of Marines. I live for challenges like these and I am mentally, physically, and morally capable of achieving this dream of mine.This career I strive for is something Ive wanted to do since the first day I spoke with a Marine Corps recruiter. Marines have something about them that seperate themselves from the other military branches. That something is what I am looking for and is what I need. I believe the Marine Corps can make me into something greater than myself, something that demands greatness. The only thing I am missing is the oppurtunity. Give me the oppurtunity to prove to you and our country that I am a leader and that I have what it takes to become one of the few who can lead Marines.

Iroquois Clan – Essay

Iroquois Clan ANT 101 December 5, 2011 There are many varied cultures, each having their own values, and rules. The Iroquois are an association of several tribes, of endemic people of North America. The Iroquois have many different ways about their way of living such as rules involving marriage. What contributes to the way an Iroquois react and think? Is it kinship, religion, and beliefs, or is it something else? The Iroquois have a very well-known culture. Iroquois are indigenous tribes across North America.The Iroquois lived in longhouse, which are structures made to house the whole family in different sections (Nowak & Laird, 2010). Matrilocal, or post marital residency, was when the husband moved to live with the wifes community (Nowak & Laird, 2010). In the Iroquois the eldest woman in her matrilineage had the roughly influence in decision making, and distributing the resources and property (Nowak & Laird, 2010). Iroquois selection of marital partners are chosen by kinship be cause, Iroquois marriage must be exogamous, meaning marring external their lineage and clan (Nowak & Laird, 2010).Iroquois kinship program only recognizes two groups The first is parents and siblings, which are too closely related to marry. The second group is potential spouses and in-laws (Nowak & Laird, 2010). In the Iroquois it is considered wrong to marry parallel cousins because they are too closely related. On the other hand cross cousin marriage is accepted and encouraged (Nowak & Laird, 2010). The openhanded lake religion combined traditional Haudenosaunee religious beliefs with a revised code meant to bring consciousness to the Haudenosaunee, or Iroquois, after a long period of pagan disintegration ollowing colonization. The Iroquois people believed that spirits changed the seasons. Key festivals coincided with the major events of the agricultural calendar, including a harvest festival of thanksgiving. After the arrival of the Europeans, many Iroquois became Christians. The Code of handsome lake prohibit drunkenness, witchcraft, sexual promiscuity, wife beating, quarreling, abortion, gay marriage, single parents and gambling. The Iroquois men were propositional on a balanced reciprocity.Iroquois could only trade with other tribes in the Iroquois confederacy. Items traded included surplus corn whiskey and tobacco, fur pelts, and wampum. Later, Iroquois received implements including guns and metal axes from the British, which made their work easier (Nowak & Laird, 2010). Their culture is matriarchal- they trace lines through Clan Mothers. This is in direct contrast to European society, especially at time of contact. Europeans were paternalistic- the fathers line. This would cause different reactions from other kinships.The Iroquois people have a lot of the same values, beliefs, and rules, as many Americans living in the current century. In my culture, it is not acceptable to marry close relatives including first cousins. The handsome lake religion is very much similar to the Christian religion. Kinship impacts almost each and both one of these behaviors. Iroquois have a very understandable and compatible way of living. But what makes them think and act the way that they do? I would have to give voice that the religion is a main point in the actions and reactions of the Iroquois.The other major point would be the matriarchal tracing of the clans. Nowak, B. & Laird, P. (2010) Cultural Anthropology. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education Inc. Retrieved from https//content. ashford. edu/books/AUANT101. 10. 2/sections/copyright Your paper is well developed and follows the APA guidelines correctly. Your paper is well written with an effective analysis. You have addressed the topic and assignment. Your grammar is correct with well-constructed sentences. Your conclusion could be improved. sound job You received 9/10 points for this assignment.

Compare and contrast between persepolis war and vietnam war Essay

Graphic Novels try outing conflict of war can be described in different shipway. These ways are determined by the target audience and the authors decision of wittiness.The mental imagery in Persepolis and the vietnam story are affected by these choices made by the author. in that respect are differences in the modality of this book in which the reader uses to show emotion such as the target age group, the emotional aspect as advantageously as the realism of the story. The imagery which detail is displayed in a complex or simple way can both give the reader insight while portraying a different perspective at the same time. Persepolis and the vietnam imagery both use a black and white intense weight creating a dark feeling shown by the subjective style. They use detailing in the background like the shadowed soldiers in the Vietnam images or intellectual flashes of gunshot in Persepolis, thus giving the reader a different perspective. The vietnam images provides a more in dep th style that provides in order to show the authors message.However, the simple imagery used in persepolis is to get a point across using symbolic images and a straightforward style rather than in the vietnam images the sketched lines and detailing brings out a specific emotion. The target audience in which the author and/or illustrator wants to reach out to affects the type of imagery and message they want to send out,such as a story about the conflict of war to children can be subtle rather than show a harsh reality yet can both depict a mood of conflict and struggle. These two graphic styles can both get across the subjective opinion of war being undesirable by the emanata of struggle seen with the characters to the reader. They both compare the harsh reality without being too gruesome. Persepolis uses a more cartooned illustration to portray a childlike perspective thus having a target audience of young readers. In contrast, the Vietnam imagerys perspective differs in the point of view.This shows the difference in fighting in the war rather than suffering the consequences, demonstrating an adult understanding. War can convey many emotions depending on the authors/illustrators mood they want to convey to the readers by using simple and/or complex emanata and graphic weight in similar and different ways. Persepolis and the vietnam both inflict a sympathetic emotions by showingthe struggles shown by their stressed emotions and facial styles. As well as their similar use of contrast between light and darkshows a emotional aspect of the conflict of war.To contrast the Vietnam images uses shading and shadows to add more tension and grit displaying a impactful emotion. The Persepolis imagery uses thick heavy blacks and whites without any shading making the images simple and the emotions it portrays to the reader shallow and not as complex. In conclusion these two works of graphic reading can be contrasted and compared by only three categories of realism, target age groups, and emotions. These both shared the struggles of the conflict of war as well as portraying different views and perspectives. As well as displaying an obvious age target. Even though they are similar they are both different in showing the conflict of what goes on in a war.

Korean “Comfort Women” of Wwii Essay

Use curiosity to ask ch completelyenging questions ab pop out what go forth as normal, everyday banalities in read to try and understand knead visible the hidden gendering of the practice and theorizing of international relations Cynthia EnloeIn multiplication of gird conflict, wo men are most susceptible to violence and silencing through with(predicate) and through the intimateization, dehumanization, and discolorationtization of their identities. Janie Leatherman highlights this point when stating gender based violence often intensifies and bring abouts more extreme in a crisis, even escalating into a tool of war (4). This is inevitable in a aged society where hegemonic masculine values construct gender norms and gender expectations. versed violence during armed conflict does not develop in isolation from the societys preexisting socio frugal and culturally shaped gender relationships.Furthermore, the patriarchal nature of a society does not work alone in creating injusti ces, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as sexual violence, against women during and after(prenominal) armed conflict there essential be a example that embraces the realities, contradictions, and intersections of various global relations of power (Kempadoo, 29). These intersections include the relationships amidst gender, race, class, cultural, and societal ideologies. In my paper, I take on Cynthia Enloes challenge of using an enquiring, gendered lens to explore the silencing of women during and after war by examining the case of the Korean pouffe women of human being state of war II. I will examine how the intersection of prevailing loving determinants and ideologies have regulated and perpetuated the rationale and, thus, the invisibility of the Korean ease women during and in the aftermath of armament man war II.Literature check & Research MethodologyYoshiaki Yoshimis allay Women intimate Slavery in the lacquerese Military during World War II, Margaret Stetzs Legacies o f the allay Women of World War II, as well as Toshiyuki Tanakas dark Horrors Nipponese War Crimes in World War II were mainly used throughout my research to gather the testimonies of surviving Korean shelter women. All three books empower a comprehensive look into the phenomenon of the Japanese array nourish women system with diachronic background and an abundance of testimonies and documentation of the Korean easiness women. Because my research focuses on the silencing of Korean whiff women during and in the aftermath of World War II, these oral histories permit crucial have a bun in the ovening evidence throughout my paper. Besides two testimonies by one Japanese soldier and one Japanese multitude doctor, testimonies by some other Japanese soldiers and government activity officials that have acknowledged the existence of the simplicity women sends were difficult to find.Therefore, throughout these testimonies, I preciseally looked for patterns that revealed evi dence of Japanese gender hierarchies through the diction and accounts that imply any dehumanization and objectification imparted by Japanese soldiers. To investigate the determinants that had cultivated the Japanese comfort station system and, more importantly, the targeting of Korean women for the system, I specifically used Cynthia Enloes Maneuvers The International Politics of Militarizing Womens Lives as well as Janie Leathermans familiar Violence and Armed Conflict. Both authors give insights and analyses of the causes and consequences of sexual violence during armed conflict.They both emphasize the interplay of patriarchal systems, gender constructions/norms, and political/economic/cultural structures as large contributors. In addition to these specific determinants, I incorporate Sara Ahmeds analysis to sexual violence by considering the cultural intersections between gender, race, and colonialism in my analytical approach (138). By applying and intertwining the critical app roaches of Enloe, Leatherman, and Ahmed, I am able to isolate the multifaceted, yet intersecting institutions and ideologies that had fabricated the invisibility of and the rationale for the Korean comfort women.Background of the Japanese Comfort StationsThe euphemism comfort women was the name assigned to thousands of women mainly Korean but also Burmese, Chinese, Dutch, Eurasians, Indians, Indonesian, Filipina, and Taiwanese who were forced into the Japanese comfort station system (Japans military controlled woman of the street houses or brothels) throughout World War II (Yoshimi). These so called comfort stations were far from comforting. The conditions of the physical spaces have been described as barrack-like facilities, rudimentary tents, or shacks (Yoshimi, 25). 1 Japanese military doctor has testified that the women were treated like fe staminate ammunition and that their dehumanized bodies were reduced to the likes of public toilets (Wantabe, 20). The testimony of Hwang Kum-Ju, one of the first Korean comfort women to testify in public, only reveals a glimpse of the sufferings she and fel menial comfort women had to go away There were so many soldiers. Sometimes, we had to do it with twenty to thirty soldiers a day. I think ours was the only comfort station in that area, and soldiers and officers came whenever they had some spare moments. Higher-ups came freely, and at night we usually slept with officers. Women who contracted venereal diseases were simply leftover to die or shot. Anyone resisting the advances was beaten (Kim, 97).Comfort women were subjected to daily rapes, sexual diseases, torture, murder, and other forms of mental, physical, and sexual violence. The comfort stations were created during World War II as a solution to the aftermath of the Japanese military committing mass murders and rapes as they moved across mainland Asia. The catalyst for the creation of the comfort system was the most infamous execute known as the The Rape o f Nanking in which the whole village of Nanking was murdered after the Japanese soldiers raped approximately 20,000 village women. Because this particular massacre caused such an outcry in the international press, Emperor Hirohito of Japan ordered the creation and systematic expansion of the comfort stations. However, the purpose for which these comfort stations were created was not out of concern for the safety of local women of in the territories in which the Japanese soldiers were stationed.Naoai Murata, the Defense Agency Director of the Secretariat in 1992, claimed that they were created in order to maintain order and to ease the anti-Japanese feeling aroused by the Japanese soldiers deeds (Schmidt, 88). This would restore the image of the Imperial Army by confining and privateness rape and sexual violence to military controlled facilities. Additionally, as the war progressed, these comfort stations transformed into spaces that provided opportunities for the Japanese soldiers to have sex as a mover of relaxation and comfort, a boost for morale, a space to assert their masculinity, to relieve the stress and fear of combat, and an outlet from strict military discipline (Yoshimi, 53).The following question of one Japanese soldier highlights the psychological influence and importance of the comfort women to the Japanese soldiers Even though we had just returned from lengthy military operations at the front, the thought of having sex made us leave immediately for the comfort women. When we arrived at where the women were, soldiers took their place in line and mulled over life and death while delay for their turn. There was nothing else like the supreme feeling of completeness that the soldiers experienced when engaging in sex with the women. This was the only way for them to whole-heartedly escape from their abnormal existence (Yoshimi, 54-55). The protagonism and rationale for the comfort women system reveal the habituation of the military on women. The comfort women system was considered an important element for the war efforts, even if only temporary. wherefore Korean Comfort Women?Approximately 80% of the 100,000 to 200,000 comfort women were Korean with ages ranging from 13 to mid-20s (Yoshimi, 67). The question that can be elucidated from this statistic is simple why were the majority of the comfort women Korean? The answer to this question can be answered with the military usually does not look at or want- all women to provide all these militarized services. Rather, government officials have needed women of some classes and some races and some ages to serve some of these functions (Enloe 2000, 44). Furthermore, in order to further pinpoint the determinants to why this interactd group was targeted, there require to be an engagement with the interplay of global relations of power around gender, race, nationality, and the economy (Kempadoo, 29). These underlying intertwining ideologies and institutions that have contributed to the explicit targeting of Korean women for the Japanese comfort stations need to be explored.Racial Ideologies RacismThe excessive usage of Korean women for the Japanese comfort system is directly linked to the elements of racism. This phenomenon can be analyzed by the intertwined relationship between colonialism, race, fondly constructed gender ideologies. As Sara Ahmed emphasizes, a consideration of cultural intersections between gender, race, and colonialism is important for two main reasons. First it demands that feminism pass up any approach,which isolates the production of gender from race and colonialism. As a result, it requires us to consider how certain feminisms may themselves function as part of the colonialist culture (138). With this framework in mind, it can be elucidated that the targeting of Korean women stems from the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 from which Korea became a protectorate of Japan and later officially colonized in 1910. Despite the fact that K orea had become a colony under Japans rule, the Japanese government and societys sentiment dictated that the Korean population was pacify considered to be racially inferior (Tanaka, 96).While exploiting and objectifying Korean women, the Japanese military did not see it appropriate to exploit their own women to the same extent Japanese officials believed international laws were not applicable to Japans colonies, and this, combined with the belief in the superiority of Japanese women and the suitability of women of other races for prostitution, cemented to use Korean women from the colonies as comfort women (Tanaka, 97) The Korean comfort women were positioned and identified as uncivilized, inferior, subjugated, and promiscuous by the Japanese masculine colonial mindset. Derogatory and sexualized words, accompanied by violence, were used against the Korean comfort women at the comfort stations as racially discriminatory identifiers of the superior and the inferior groups. These word s included Ppagayor Senpino kuseni which translates to Idiot Nothing but a Korean cunt (Yoshimi, 113).Enloe explains that objectifying foreign women makes it easier for military officials to marginalize them it was far easier for commanders to send women if they could be portrayed as rootless, promiscuous, parasitic, and generally a drag on the militarys discipline and battle readiness (2000, 40). The images incised on the inferior, colonized Korean comfort women rose from the colonialist, racial, and masculine institutions. The importance of the intersection of these institutions is emphasized by Kempadoo a large number of women upon whose bodies and labor such constructions of masculinity depend are of nations, races, and ethnicities other than those of men is a reality that cannot be neglected or ignore (31). These constructions of the Korean comfort womens identities fabricated a justification that only naturalized the Japanese nations domination over Korean through the Korean comfort women.Gender Ideologies Sexualized womanhood/Militarized Masculinity During World War II, the prominently patriarchal nature of the Japanese society reestablished the preexisting gendered, dichotomous construction of sexual urge for both men and women in which the degree of masculinity of soldiers was greatly dependent on the comfort women. Cynthia Enloe highlights this notion by recognizing that the women were one of the strengths, which maintained the military organization (Enloe 1988, 187). Enloe draws attention to this dependency by stating the military needs women as the gender women to provide men with masculinity reinforcing incentives to endure all the hardships of soldiering (Enloe 1988, 214). During World War II, within the Japanese military, there were socially constructed forms of masculinity and femininity that were reinforced by the onset of war and the military. The service of and dependency on the objectified womens body stems from what Carole Vance explains to be social constructions of gender and sexual urge, not as natural and unchanging biologically determined notions of gender and sexuality. Socially constructed gender roles have shaped sexuality as a form of power (Mackinnon, 2).Catherine Mackinnon further describes these powerful gender roles the social beings we know as man and woman are bound by social requirements of heterosexuality, which institutionalizes male sexual domination and female sexual submission The womans identity operator becomes inexplicably attached to her sexuality, becoming that which is most of her own, yet is most taken out (Tong, 111). Sexuality becomes distorted into an ideal of sexuality that reduces women to sexual objects while placing men as the dominating, sexual subject. The highly hierarchical gender system of Japan during World War II fostered an inequality between men and women in which men create the demand and women are the supply (Hughes, 11). The objectification of the Korean women was i nevitable for the militarization of men. (Enloe 2000). During times of war, the ideologies of masculinity that their love and respect can only be met by being masculine, powerful, and ultimately violent are fuelled (Kokopeli, 233). This is because the military as a social institution is constructed by ideals of male sexuality.The sexualization of the female body aids the military in the marginalization of women as it depicts women as objects and tools for the soldiers sexual satisfaction. Vance states that all social construction approaches adopt the view that physically identical sexual acts may have varying social significance and subjective meaning depends on how they are defined and understood in different cultures and historical periods (29). Militarized masculinities are sexualized in violent forms, which was clearly the case among the Japanese soldiers. The socially constructed effeminate identity at the time was one of which sexuality was merely designed to service individu al men and male defined institutions. This explanation creates a tooshie for the upheld rigid distinctions between masculine and feminine ideals in the Japanese society during World War II. For the Japanese male soldiers, the militarized masculine model of sexuality embodied notions of dominance, destruction, aggression, and sexual conquest. On the other hand, the Korean comfort women subjected to this patriarchal society were merely reduced to submissive, obedient, and sexual tools.Enloe also argues that wartime sexual violence provides masculinity-reinforcing incentives to endure all the hardships of soldiering (1988, 214). The practice of going to the comfort stations to have sex with the comfort women became a identification number for the Japanese soldiers the women were seen as a necessary evil (Tanaka, 67). Whereas on the battlefield, the Japanese soldiers had little control, having sex with women against their will gave the men the masculine power of dominance and self-ass ertion. In battle, Japanese soldiers were merely seen as military ammunition for combat, but they were able to reinforce their own masculine subjectivity and agency through the sexual objectification of Korean comfort women.This can be compass through the account of one Korean comfort woman, Yi Sunok There were many times when I was almost killed. If I refused to do what one man asked, he would come back drunk and threaten me with his sword. Others simply arrived drunk, and had intercourse with their swords stuck in the tatami. This left the tatami scarred, but this sort of behavior was more of a threat to make me accede to their desires and give them satisfaction (Tanaka, 56). The Korean comfort women provided an environment where the men could reinforce militarized masculine at the expense of the womens dehumanization as well as their mental and physical health. The Korean comfort women not only suffered enforced sex, but sex routinely accompanied by routine violence and torture. Although the comfort women station system was blatant throughout World War II, it was rationalized by socially constructed, yet biologically justified, notions of male sexuality. Vance would call this justification as biological determinism, which is the belief that biology determines fundamentally all behavior and actions. The belief that the comfort women were needed because of the male Japanese soldiers biologically determined, uncontrollable sexual needs can be perceived in the secret report by a psychiatrist of the Konodai army hospital in 1939 The army administration established comfort stationsbecause they assumed that it was impossible to suppress the sexual urge of soldiers.The main purposes of setting up comfort facilities were to relieve soldiers of daily stresses by giving them a sense of sexual satisfaction and to prevent rapes which would damage the reputation of the Imperial army from happening (Yoshimi, 1992, 228). This understanding of male sexuality unknowingly re duces the rationale for the comfort station system to a biological one. It justifies the creation of the comfort women system as unavoidable and inevitable as though there was no other solution. The biological determinism argument is a legitimizing tool for it positions this constructed masculinity as outside of human control. The trope of uncontrollable military male sexuality rooted in the nature rationale only suspends moral and legal restrains on the comfort women system while perpetuating and absolveing the womens objectified, subordinate position. Socioeconomic attitudeThe majority of the Korean women that were targeted in the comfort station system were from a low socioeconomic class. Hughes reiterates this point by pointing out that recruiters of areas in the sex constancy take advantage of poverty, unemployment and a desire to emigrate to recruit and traffic women into the sex industry (11). Hughes also includes a report from the Womens NGO which states, economic hard ti mes has lead to a depression of womens psychological state with a loss of self esteem and hope for the future. Women accept marvellous offers of employment in unskilled jobs at high salaries with the resignation that it cannot be worse than their present lives. Recruiters for the sex industry target the most economically depresses areas (12). The Korean women of low economic status and class were vulnerable to the deceitful recruitment methods of the Japanese. Forexample, the Korean population in the Japanese colonized territories was very poor during World War II because Japan had taken any available means of production of food and clothes for the war effort (Argibay, 378).This left most of the five-year-old Korean women and girls living in poverty and starting menial labor at a very early age in order to support their families. Recruiters would encourage compliance by convincing the women that they would obtain high paid jobs as seamstresses and nurses or working in a hospital o r a factory (Stetz, 10). One comfort women named Suntok Kim recalls that when she was being recruited, the prospects of being a comfort woman for the Japanese seemed promising because she came from a poor family and had no education. Working in a factory was far better than her current working and living conditions (Stetz, 10). Furthermore, the U.S. Office of War Interrogation Report No. 49 reports that when being recruited Korean women assumed that comfort service consisted of visiting wounded soldiers and generally making the soldiers happy, and that many Korean women enlisted on the basis of these misrepresentations (Arigbay, 378)Another means of recruitment that targeted Koreans of low socioeconomic class was through the method of debt bondage, indenturing the Korean comfort women to the Japanese military. Economically destitute rural families were deceived into thinking that they had a choice of whether or not to sell their daughters to the Japanese military however, in reality , they were being coerced with violence and had no agency in this matter. Many reports have indicated that families who refused to sell their daughters were killed and girls taken to the Japanese military bases after. The Japanese would also threaten to destroy the whole village, kill the elders and children and commit other violent measures (Arigbay, 278). Many Korean comfort women did not have the agency, autonomy, or the economic option to oppose Japanese forces. Offering a payment was simply a customary ruse by the Japanese military to justify their methods in taking these powerless Korean women.Continuum of Injustice & Invisibility in the AftermathStigmatization Cultural & Social InstitutionsIn the aftermath of World War II, the experiences of the comfort women were silenced for approximately 50 years. This silence was finally broken in the early 1990s when the issue was brought to light as former comfort women began to release their testimonies to the public. When this issue b egan to gain public attention, the Japanese government immediately declared that the comfort women system did not exist in the Japanese military and thus there could be no question of any apologia, memorial, or disclosures by the Japanese government (Uncomfortable Truths).To this day, comfort women are still waiting for an apology for the violation of their human rights and for the objectification of their bodies and identities from the Japanese government. Many grassroots organizations and feminist groups have been created since the early 1990s to draw attention to issue of the comfort women. These include the Korean Research Institute for Chongsindae and the Korean Council for the Women Drafted for Sexual Slavery by Japan. Since the early 1990s over one hundred women in South Korea have registered with the Korean government as former comfort women (Kim, 74).However, despite these efforts, the stark question of why the surviving Korean comfort women were silenced for so long still remains. The surviving women have not only suffered from mental and physical injuries, but also had to suffer from additional social injuries. Many of the surviving Korean comfort women have had to live a stigmatized and isolated life as they tried to assimilate back into the communities. They were condemned to live out their lives as social, pariahs, shunned by their families, tortured by injury and illness, some sent mad by their ordealsome committed suicide, others became insane (Askin, 13). This stigmatization can be attributed to the Confucian societies in Korea for the Korean comfort women were products of this culture. The Confucian definition of the traditional feminine identity highlights docility and emphasizes chastity as a womans most important virtue (Stetz, 13).As Iris Chang reiterates Asian Confucianism-particularly Korean Confucianism- upheld female purity as a virtue greater than life and perpetuated the belief that any woman who could live through such a degrading experience and not commit suicide was herself an affront to society This cultural ideology demanded that unmarried women must be virgins and blamed the women for not being able to prevent any forms of sexual violation (53). With high moral value attached to chastity and purity, the comfort women invariably emerged from their wartime experiences defiled, yet unable to accuse their abusers (Askin, 25). The fear of isolation and stigma from their defilement only silenced them, leaving these sexual atrocities in the dark for 50 years. The internalization of this feminine identity caused Korean comfort women to lose self-respect, to live in shame, and ultimately perpetuate their own stigmatization.Furthermore, the social stigma and shame attached to rape and sex were fostered by Korean society and the Korean comfort womens own families. Patty Kelly explains this stigma as a blemish of individual character that the women cannot escapethe stigmatized somebody is perceived as possessing w eak will, unnatural passions, and treacherous beliefs (192). The stigma of rape and sex embody has implications on community, family, and responsibility. Kelly asserts that stigma associated with sex work circumscribes ones social relationscauses fear and shamecreates inauthenticity in daily life (194). Keith Howard describes the lives that the surviving Korean comfort women had to endure in their communities When they returned to Koreathey were neither faithful nor chaste. They were not exemplary women.The families of the comfort women feared the ostracism they would suffer if the shameful past were discovered the women became an extra burden, and there was little chance to marry them off (7). This social stigma and discrimination oppressed the surviving Korean comfort women. As Kelly points out, social relations with the family were tainted. Some of the Korean comfort women were seen as a disgrace to their family by their own family and by the rest of society. One Korean comfort w oman by the name of Tokchin Kim has revealed that the honor of her family and the relationship with her family hindered her from publicizing her experience, which only allowed the comfort station system to remain invisible. Tokchin Kim had tried to register at the Korean Council for the Women Drafted for Military Sexual Slavery by Japan as a former comfort woman. However, her nephew expressed You will only bring trouble on your family and your children will be traumatized (Yoshimi, 49). Because of the stigmatization, humiliation, and disgrace that inevitably arose from their past as comfort women, the Korean comfort womens experiences had unjustly remained hidden for an inordinate amount of time.ConclusionThe Japanese comfort stations during World War II completely disregarded comfort womens rights and silenced their past as a product of the rationale for the system. Leatherman explicates that the silences and justifications undergirded the economic, social, cultural, and political power structures of patriarchy. Patriarchy is a hierarchal social order revolve around on dominant or hegemonic forms of masculinity (4). The justifications and invisibility stem from the intersection of socially constructed gender, cultural, racial, and socioeconomic institutions. Comfort women have had to unjustly bear the shame, ostracism, and dishonor that should be imputed to the perpetrator of sexual violence (Askin, 31).There has been a continuum of this disregard into the present day as the Japanese government has failed to give an official apology for their wartime atrocities after 50 years of ignoring the existence of comfort women. This untiring neglect reproduces injustice and invisibility of the comfort women to this day. As of right now, there are only 63 registered Korean comfort women in South Korea waiting out their last years to be fully recognized as comfort women by the Japanese government. In order for there to be any strides in this movement, it is imperative that the social and gender hierarchies encumbering Japanese and Korean societies be deconstructed and reevaluated. Additionally, the vast gap between the value of the female and males experience and rights in the patriarchal nature of Japans society needs to be closed.BibliographyAhmed, Sara. Construction of Women And/in the Orient. Women, Power, and Resistance An Introduction to Womens Studies. By Tess Cosslett, Alison Easton, and Penny Summerfield. Buckingham England Open UP, 1996. 225-32. Print.Argibay, Carmen M. Sexual Slavery and the Comfort Women of World War II. Berkeley Journal of International Law 21.375 (n.d.) 375-89. Print.Askin, Kelly D. Comfort Women- Shifting Shame and Stigma from Victims to Victimizers. International Criminal Law Review 1 (2001) 5-32. Print.Chang, Iris. The Rape of Nanking. The Law of War, a Documentary History. By Leon Friedman. New York stochastic House, 1972. N. pag. Print.Enloe, Cynthia H. Bananas, Beaches & Bases Making Feminist Sense of Interna tional Politics. Berkeley University of California, 1988. PrintEnloe, Cynthia H. Maneuvers The International Politics of Militarizing Womens Lives. Berkeley University of California, 2000. Print.Howard, Keith, and Young Joo. Lee. True Stories of the Korean Comfort Women. N.p. Cassell, 1995. Print.Hughes, Donna M. The Natasha Trade The Transnational seat Market of Trafficking in Women. The Natasha Trade The Transnational Shadow Market of Trafficking in Women. Journal of International Affairs, 2000. Web. 13 Dec. 2012.Kelly, Patty. The Secrets We Keep Sex, Work, and Stigma. Lydias Open Door privileged Mexicos Most Modern Brothel. By Patty Kelly. Berkeley University of California, 2008. N. pag. Print.Kempadoo,. Women of Color and the Global Sex Trade Transnational Feminist Perspectives. Meridians Feminism, Race, Transnationalism. Indiana University Press, n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2012.Kim, Hyun S. History and retrospection The Comfort Women Controversy. Positions East Asia Cultures Critique 5.1 (1997) 73-108. Print.Kokopeli, Bruce, and George Lakey. More Power Than We Want Masculine Sexuality and Violence. Reweaving the Web of Life Feminism and Nonviolence. By Pam McAllister. Philadelphia, PA New Society, 1982. N. pag. Print.Leatherman, Janie. Sexual Violence and Armed Conflict. Cambridge Polity,2011. Print.MacKinnon, Catharine A. Feminism, Marxism, Method and the State. N.p. University of Chicago, 1987. Print.Schmidt, David A. Ianfu, the Comfort Women of the Japanese Imperial Army of the Pacific War Broken Silence. Lewiston, NY Edwin Mellen, 2000. Print.Stetz, Margaret D., and Bonnie B. C. Oh. Legacies of the Comfort Women of World War II. Armonk, NY M.E. Sharpe, 2001. Print.Tanaka, Toshiyuki. Hidden Horrors Japanese War Crimes in World War II. Boulder, CO Westview, 1996. Print.Tong, Rosemarie. Feminist Thought A Comprehensive Introduction. Boulder, CO Westview, 1989. Print.Uncomfortable Truths. Trouble and Strife RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2012.United Nations Offi ce on Drugs and Crime. What Is Human Trafficking? N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2012.Vance, Carole S. Social Construction Theory. An Introduction to Womens Studies Gender in a Transnational World. By Inderpal Grewal and Caren Kaplan. capital of Massachusetts McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2006. 29-32. Print.Varga, Aniko. National Bodies The Comfort Women Discourse and Its Controversies in South Korea. Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 9.2 (2009) n. pag. Print.Watanabe, Kazuko. Trafficking in Womens Bodies Then and Now The Issue of Military Comfort Women Peace & Change 20.4 (1995) 501-14. Print.Yang, Hyunah. Finding the Map of Memory Testimony of the Japanese Military Sexual Slavery Survivors. Positions East Asia Cultures Critique16.1 (2008) 79-107. Print.Yoshimi, Yoshiaki, and Suzanne OBrien. Comfort Women Sexual Slavery in the Japanese Military during World War II. New York Columbia UP, 2000. Print.

Food Inc Essay

The motion picture makes some really good organises. The best point is that subsidized corn artificially lowers the cost of animal feed and high-fructose corn syrup. This creates a tax-subsidized economic incentive for people to choose fast food everyplace nutritious options. Scrapping farm subsidies including corn would be a great idea (that the word-painting doesnt propose). It has a good segment about how Monsanto is using keen property law to unfairly create a US soybean monopoly, suing farmers who never bought Monsanto seed and forcing them to capitulate because of the sheer weight of court-ordered bills.But the movie descends into sensationalism. For example, it takes a sad case of a kid named Kevin who died of E Coli poisoning after eating a hamburger. It traces the industrys response which is to use ammonia water to make sure that almost no E Coli survives and criticizes its solution while playing ominous music in the background along with unanswered cries of worry f rom Kevins mother. It fails to mention that (1) all E Coli dies when meat is cooked properly (2) using ammonia to kill E Coli is an ingenious idea thats very telling (3) the food with the greatest risk of E Coli poisoning is native spinach.It doesnt mention how the fast food industry eliminated the use of hydrogenated vegetable oil, almost only eliminating trans fat from fast food. It has a scene comparing the resources used by a free range cow farmer who has about 20 overawe versus an industrial slaughterhouse that processes thousands failing to mention that if the free range farmer produced cows on the same scale he would use 4x to 10x the resources for the same output. The movie takes an ill-advised stance against genetically modified food (google Norman Borlaugh).It makes several self-defeating arguments (like arguing that our industrially-produced food is infected and resource-intensive and that we should pay more to eat organic which is actually much more resource intens ive and more likely to be contaminated by bacteria because of the use of poop as fertilizer instead of nitrates). The movie makes some interesting points. But the whole bulky business bad thing is a completely useless attitude that is a constant source of irritation to me personally.People and businesses have, do, will, and should act in their own best interests. The question is which policies should be created to incentivize wise outcomes? Regarding Monsanto, the problem isnt evil big business, its that the US should reform its legal system to act like the UKs where if you sue someone and lose then you have to pay their legal fees. That would prevent Monsantos abuses of IP law (and would accomplish tort reform in medical malpractice).

Digital Signatures

Signature is an important aspect of any document or agreement between two parties. lone(prenominal) handwritten skin sensess are valid for legal documents. The modern world is currently doing lot of proposals and agreements through computers and internet. In order to mathematical function in the online documents, technologists has developed a new signature method called digital signature. This paper examines the technology, validity and reliability of digital signatures Introduction digital signature is an electronic signature which is used to light upon the validity of a document.With the help of digital signature one can verify that the message he received is original and unchanged. Nobody can dissent the fatherhood of a message if it is signed digitally. Digital signature is a process which involves some kind of encryption and decryption of data. The person who sends the message go forth encrypt the message which can be decrypt only by the addressee. A digital signature is a stamp places on the data which is rummy to somebody, and is very difficult to forge.In addition, the signature assures that any changes made to the data that has been signed cannot go undetected. (David Youd) Digital signatures 3 Digital signature Technology After creating a document, using special software one can obtain a message hash (mathematical summary) of the message. Then using a private key obtained from a public-private key authority, the message is been hashed. This encrypted hash is the digital signature of the message.The receiver of the message makes a hash of the received message to ensure the validity of the message. He entrust then make use of the public key provided by the sender to decrypt the message hash. If the hashes matched, then the received message is valid. (Digital signature) Legality of Digital signature Many countries like, US, European Union, and Australia have approved digital signatures legally just like other handwritten signature documents. M ost of the e-commerce activities are making use of digital signatures to authenticate the documants.Stimulated by the development of the American Bar Association Digital Signature Guidelines, electronic signature legislation began with the Utah Digital Signature Act, which was enacted in 1995 and focused solely on issues raised by cryptography-based digital signatures. Soon thereafter, legislation was introduced in several other states (Thomas J. Smedinghoff and Ruth hammock Bro) Digital signatures 4 Issues and concerns of digital signatures Like most of the other secure documents have suffered by the intrusion of hackers, digital signature technology is also downstairs the constant threats from the e-frauds.How do you verify the actual consent and authority of a person relating to these new electronically-signed transactions, or know that the electronic signature wasnt stolen from a PC by some inside or outside entity? (Lauren Weinstein) Conclusion Digital signatures are extensi vely used in e-commerce activities. It is legally approved in numerous countries just like the hand written signatures. Like most of the other secure documents in internet, the digital signatures are also under threat from intruders or hackers.

Federal Reserve Eco 372

Economic strategy nates overwhelm some, but one who understands the idea of how gold can pick up or dissolve the economic trade obtains an understanding of the federal official give. The federal officialeral Reserve is a bank in which other banks loan and call upon when in need. The feederal Reserve Bank ensures all funds in Community and other federally accredited banks, also known as FDIC. Even though the federal official Reserve is a bank it is impacts the economic growth or decline in ways of monetary policy and stimulation or dissolve. The Federal Reserve Bank uses a tactic known as discount rate, which is the term used for the interest charged for loans by banks.When the discount rate is low, banks can increase the amount of loans offered, as well as lower the interest rate in their location. When the discount rate is high, banks will decrease the number of loans and assist the interest rates they charge. The Federal Reserve can use the power of the discount rate to incr ease or decrease the amount of money in circulation. Banks may even need to share the excess or surplus of funds in their reserves with another bank this is known as Fed Funds. These funds carry an interest rate as well.The interest rate may be high or lower depending on the Federal Reserve. The higher the interest rate the more likely a bank is wanting to loan to another bank. If it is lower the desire will be undesirable. The Discount and Fed Funds rate correspond, the Discount rate is normally set slightly below the Fed Funds rate in effort to increase the money in circulation. When the discount rate is above the Fed Fund rates consequently the money in circulation is decreased. The Federal Reserve Bank is located in each region to allow for an even distribution among the United States.Each of the Reserve Banks are governed by the Federal Reserve Systems Board of Governors who substantiate been nominated by the President and confirm by the Senate. The chairperson and Vice Cha irman of the Board are then appointed by the President from the confirmed members. The members term are each 14 years in length, with new members being nominated and confirmed every two years on even-numbered years. The Chairman and Vice Chairman will serve for four years in the respective title without affecting their member status on the Board.The Federal Reserve Board of Governors will assist in recommending stimulus programs when needed. These programs assist in building the thriftiness without relying on the banking or finance industry heavily. Expansionary and Contractionary Fiscal policy may also be needed when programs seem to be ineffective. After one has been able to learn the basics of how the Federal Reserve works then the process of understanding the measures needed to affect the economic outcome may become easier to understand. This process is done by the way of government involvement with the budget, pecuniary and monetary policy.Each of the procedures are meant to assist in building the economic stability, and to help ensure the soundness of the United States currency. Every congressional budget planning academic term affects the need for the monetary policies for the Federal Reserve. After the Board of Governors is nominated and confirmed they are ready to get in and work on stabilizing the economy along with the monetary policies needed to build for the future. The Board of Governors will sit in position for 14 years, this will allow them to see and gain a better understanding of the true economic cycle.This will allow for a better gage on the flow of the economic path. After obtaining an understanding of the Federal Reserve, one will be able to identify and understand the measures taken to assist in maintaining the proper stabilization in which employment increases and the economic market is sustained by the open market. The open market is maintaining by the buyers and sellers in the economy. These are the businesses people work and shop at daily. The major focus on the economic model is the open market and this is apparent with the Federal Reserve and the tools for the monetary policy.

Energy Conservation in Transport

1.3 cargo ships organizationTransportation is another sector that has increased its proportional portion of primary skill. This sector has s usean concerns as it is a important beginning of CO2 emanations and other airborne pollutants, and it isab prohibited wholly establish on cover as its push beginning ( Figure 1.5 Kreith, West, and Isler 2002 ) . In 2002, the expedition sector accounted for 21 % of all CO2 emanations worldwide. An of import facet of futurealterations in track depends on what happens to the available oil resources, production and monetary values.At present, 95 % of all energy for transit comes from oil.As explained subsequently in this chapter, irrespective of the existent sum of oil staying in the soil,oil production will top out shortly. Therefore, the adopt for careful planning for an orderly passage offfrom oil as the primary transit burn eat up is pressing. An obvious replacing for oil would be biofuels very much(prenominal) as ethyl alcohol, met hyl alcohol, biodiesel, and biogases. most believe that H is another option,because if it could be produced scotchally from RE beginnings or atomic energy, it could supply aclean transit option for the hereafter. Some stir called H to be a wonder fuel andhold proposed a hydrogen-based economy to replace the present carbon-based economic system ( Vezirogluand Barbir 1992 ) . However, others ( Shinnar 2003 Kreith and West 2004 Mazza and Hammerschlag2005 ) difference this claim based on the deficiency of substructure, jobs with storage and safety, and thelower efficiency of H vehicles as compared to plug-in intercrossed or to the full electrical vehicles ( Westand Kreith 2006 ) . Already hybrid-electric cars are going popular around the universe ascrude oil hold outs more expensive.The environmental benefits of renewable biofuels could be increased by utilizing plug-in intercrossed electricvehicles ( PHEVs ) . These autos and trucks combine internal burning engines with electri c motors to020406080 one hundred1971 1980 1990 2002PercentageShare of conveyance in planetary oil demandShare of oil in conveyance energy demand find 1.5 Share of conveyance in planetary oil demand and portion of oil in conveyance energy demand. ( Data andprognosis from IEA, World efficacy Outlook, IEA, Paris, 2004. With permission. ) planetary Energy System 1-5maximise fuel efficiency. PHEVs have more battery capacity that go off be recharged by stop uping it into aregular electric mercantile establishment. Then these vehicles can run on electricity entirely for comparatively short trips. Theelectric-only trip length is denoted by a figure, for example, PHEV 20 can run on battery charge for 20 stat mis.When the battery charge is used up, the engine begins to condition the vehicle. The intercrossed combinationreduces gasolene ingestion appreciably. Whereas the conventional vehicle fleet has a fuel economic system ofabout 22 mpg, loanblends such as the Toyota Prius can achieve abo ut 50 mpg. PHEV 20s have been shown toattain every bit much as 100 mpg. Gasoline usage can be decreased even further if the burning engine runs onbiofuel blends, such as E85, a concoction of 15 % gasolene and 85 % ethyl alcohol ( Kreith 2006 West and Kreith2006 ) .Plug-in intercrossed electric engineering is already available and could be realized instantly withoutfarther R & A D. Furthermore, a big part of the electric coevals substructure, peculiarly indeveloped states, is needed entirely at the clip of apex of the suns way demand ( 60 % in the United States ) , and the remainder isavailable at other times. Hence, if batteries of PHEVs were charged during off-peak hours, no newcoevals capacity would be required. Furthermore, this attack would levelize the electric consequence andcut down the pixilated cost of electricity, harmonizing to a survey by the Electric Power Research Institute ( EPRI )( Sanna 2005 ) .Given the pronouncement of PHEVs, EPRI ( EPRI 2004 ) conducted a large-scale analysis of the cost, batterydemands, economic fight of plug-in vehicles today and in the hereafter. As shown by Westand Kreith, the net present value of lifecycle costs over 10 old ages for PHEVs with a 20-mile electric-only electron orbit ( PHEV20 ) is less than that of a similar conventional vehicle ( West and Kreith 2006 ) . Furthermore,presently available Ni admixture hydride ( NiMH ) batteries are already able to run into needed cost andpublic presentation specifications. More march on batteries, such as lithium-ion ( Li-ion ) batteries, maybetter the economic sciences of PHEVs even further in the hereafter.7.5.4 Transportation Energy ConsumptionEnergy ingestion in the transit sector is intercommunicate to turn at an lowly one-year rate of1.7 % in the midst of 2003 and 2025 in the projection, making 39.4 quadrillion Btu in 2025. The growing intransit energy demand is mostly driven by the increasing personal usable income,projected to turn per annum at appro ximately 3 % , consumer penchants for driving larger autos with moreHP, and an addition in the portion of open radiation trucks and athleticss public-service corporation vehicles that make up lightdutyvehicles. Entire vehicle stat mis traveled by light-duty vehicles is projected to increase at an one-yearrate of 2 % between 2003 and 2025 because of the addition in personal disposable income and otherdemographic factors.8.1 IntroductionThis chapter presents tendencies in land usage, cargo, ground-transportation way of lifes for people and cargo,transit fuel supply, and the chances for rescue that exist within each country. Thechapter starts with a treatment of the transportationland usage relationship for a better apprehension ofthe model within which the transit system maps and the design theories that purpose toinfluence port pick and trip coevals. Next is a description of crowd together transportation, with peculiar accenton how its energy usage compares to the energy usage of the car. The motion of cargo, its manners,and energy ingestion relation to the remainder of the transit system follows. Then, emerging hereafterengineerings are described the focal point of this subdivision is on vehicle efficiencies to carry on energy resources.Finally, the well-to-wheel energy analysis uniting fuel production and vehicle public presentation ispresented, concentrating on what feedstocks are available and how they can be refined expeditiously into a fuel.8.2 destroy Use8.2.1 Land Use and Its Relationship to TransportationThere is a cardinal relationship between transit and land usage, because the distance betweenones beginning and finish will find the feasibleness, path, manner, cost, and clip requisite to gofrom one topographic point to another. Likewise, transit influences land usage as it impacts peoples determinationsapproximately where to populate and work, sing factors such as transform clip and cost, the distance to a attribute school for a familys k ids, the safety and convenience of the paths to school, work, activities,and entree to goods and services.The best chance for preservation in transit Begins with the transportationland usagerelationship. An energy-efficient transit system feats and integrates all manners instead than merelythe main road. However, current land usage ordinances, codifications, and development tendencies are designedentirely for the single-occupant vehicle ( SOV ) and do non expeditiously back up other travel options. Amore balanced system that incorporates mass theodolite, walking, bicycling, and other options would bemore energy-efficient. These manners are less energy intensive and would cut down traffic congestion, vehicleidleness, and inefficient stop-and-go traffic. However, land usage must be designed for multimodalmotion for such a balanced system to be realized.Land usage and the population in the U.S. have become more decentralised over clip ( detect Figure 8.1 ) .The distribution of land ut ilizations into residential, commercial, and concern countries increases the distancesbetween the many day-to-day necessities of life so that walking and bicycling are either impracti hackle or insecure itbesides makes mass theodolite inefficient because Michigans would be required to function each individual(a)s needs.Therefore, personal vehicles are the most convenient and most widely chosen manner of transit forday-to-day travel demands given the type of development most normally used in the U.S. A more systemsorientedattack, incorporating prosaic, bike, car, and mass-transit wind vanes within a high-density developmental construction would be more energy-efficient, but this state of personal business is non thenorm in the U.S. today.8.3 Alternate Transportation system fate TransitThe efficiency of mass-transit service typically decreases with the closeness of land utilizations. However, denseness isnon the individual factor finding the success or failure of a theodolite s ystem. Vuchic ( 1999 ) notes the successof the theodolite webs in fanned countries of San Francisco, Washington, Montreal, Calgary, andpeculiarly the suburbs of Philadelphia ( with a lower population denseness than that of Los Angeles 3500people per square stat mi ) . Many contrivers and designers suggest a hierarchy of manners instead than theindividual manner system that dominates most countries at the base is a web of bicycle- and pedestrianfriendlystreets that support the local go-cart system, which in bend feeds a regional theodolite web. As eachconstituent relies on the others, their incorporate is indispensable for transits success ( Calthorpe and Fulton2001 ) . Furthermore, the balance between auto and theodolite usage in cardinal metropoliss is strongly influenced by thecharacter of the country ( its physical design, organisation of infinite, and types of development ) and by thecomparative convenience and attraction of the two systems ( Vuchic 1999 ) .10. Narrow streets 9. Traffic volumes8. Sidewalks7. Street trees6. Interconnected streets5. On-street parking4. bring low traffic velocities3. Mixed land usage2. Buildings looking the street1. Small block sizeFIGURE 8.3 Top 10 walkability factors. ( From Hall, R. , Walkable thoroughfares through balanced design.Presentation at The Nuts & A Bolts of Traditional contiguity Development Conference, Richmond, VA, 2005. )Several different types of theodolite exist to function the demands of the populace. Demand response describes theparatransit manner, by which a rider calls a starter who sends the theodolite vehicle ( a bird coachor cab ) to the passengers door and delivers her to her finish. Commuter runway denotes regional railoperating between a metropolis and its suburban countries light rail implies one or two autos utilizing overheadelectricity as a power beginning and operating within a metropolis, frequently sharing the streets with cars heavyrail operates at high velocities within a separate right-of-way. Bus rapid theodolite ( BRT ) is deriving popularityas a system that grants buses their ain right-of-way so that they do non acquire caught in traffic congestion.BRT operates parallel to the street, such as in the median between travel lanes or in an sole bus-onlylane ( see Figure 8.4 ) , and depending on the system, may besides acquire prioritization at traffic signals so thatupon attack, the light flex green and the coach will non hold to wait at a ruddy visible radiation. dodge 8.3 summarizesthe features of each manner. Table 8.4 illustrates what percentages of the theodolite fleets use alternatefuels ( i.e. , fuels other than the conventionally used gasolene ) .The factors that meet what manner and what engineering are best for a given theodolite system include The availability of a separate right-of-way The distance between/frequency of Michigans ( i.e. , will it be regional, express or local service? ) The denseness of the environing country ( to find at what speeds the vehicle can safely go ) pass judgment rider volumes Size of the metropolis being servedA separate right-of-way is non dependent on the bing conditions of the street web and providesgreat dependability ( since there are no traffice congestion holds ) , high velocity, short trip times, and boilersuitconvenience for riders.The potency of mass theodolite to conserve energy is a big, untapped resource. Table 8.5 illustrates howmuch fuel could be saved by one individual exchanging to mass theodolite for their day-to-day commute to work.The ground for mass transits high efficiency is its energy strength, which is a consequence of the burden factor ofeach vehicle. Table 8.6 provides passenger travel and energy usage informations for 2002, while Figure 8.5 providesthe theodolite manner split on a passenger-mile footing ( i.e. , the distribution of travel on each manner perrider per stat mi ) . Mass transits efficiency could surely be much higher compared to cars ifmore riders us ed it and increased its burden factor ( Greene and Schafer 2003 ) .FIGURE 8.4 BRT exposure. ( From U.S. General Accounting Office ( GAO ) , Mass Transit Bus Rapid Transit ShowsPromise, GAO-01-984, Washington, DC, 2001. )

Miles Davis Essay

Jon Davis Perspectives in American spiel Ben Martinson December 10, 2009 Miles Davis The Last Pi unitaryer in American fart Miles Davis represents the pinnacle of modern American Jazz. He was one of the fore roughly pioneers in the inventions of cool jazz, hard bop, free jazz, fusion and techno. He was, arguably one of the most influential figures in music, pushing the boundaries of what was commonly known as jazz into new directions that most people thought was impossible. Davis was born on May 26, 1926 in Alton, Illinois to Dr.Miles Henry Davis, a victorious dentist, and Cleota Mae Davis. Davis bear on in music was sparked at the age of 13 when his father bought him a trumpet, and arranged lessons with accomplished local musician Elwood Buchanan. Oddly enough, Buchanan discouraged Davis from using vibrato in his music, which was a characteristic that Davis carried throughout the entirety of his career. Interestingly, his mother, Cleota Mae Davis, turning blues piano but kept this facts hidden from her son.Because of his proficiency with the trumpet, he was accepted into the Julliard School of medical specialty to study classical music. Davis quickly drawd that the classical form was not for him, and desired a more(prenominal) non-traditional approach. Davis made the decision to drop out of the Julliard School because they were not accepting of his non-traditional approach. Davis focused on fragile melodies in order to distract the users away from the composition of the music, and to concentrate more on the deeply root meanings in the music.Davis stated in an interview, Its music always been a gift with me, hearing music the way I do. I dont know where it comes from, its just there and I dont question it, (Miles Davis Properties). After Davis dropped out of Julliard, he got to set about the greatest privilege that any musician of the time could hope for. He received the chance to play with the grade insignia of Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie. D avis performance was rapidly perfected by the influence of Parker and Gillespie (Miles Davis).He saw his reachset studio time under Parker and Gillespie with Savoy records in September of 1945. This represented a major form of pace for Davis, because he was now qualified to record as a solo artist. Savoy Records offered to shrink him as a band leader, where he soon excelled to the point of starting his own nonet called the Miles Davis Nonet. Davis often came off as arrogant or rude because he demanded absolute paragon in all rehearsals and performances from his band members. These demands may give birth been rooted in the slaps on the knuckles he received as a child from Buchanan.Davis had rapidly become one of the most famous musicians of the time, and had no intention of slowing down. Davis make whoopieed a rapid, lifestyle of fame success, and debauchery. His lifestyle began to catch up with him at the peak of his career when heroine became a severe hassle in his life. H eroin addiction was not uncommon for musicians during the 1940s and 1950s. It is speculated that his addiction to heroin may have been influenced by both Parker and Gillespie, the two men that made him into a star (Miles Davis).However, the difference between Davis, Parker, and Gillespie was that Davis release himself of his addiction to heroin by locking himself into a room until he was completely free of his substance abuse and prepared to perform again. Davis rapidly got back to the world of jazz by performing at the Newport Jazz Festival in July of 1955. This performance was one of his best live shows, and proved to capital of South Carolina Records that he was repair to record one of his bestselling albums of all time, Miles Ahead. This album featured legendary collaborations between Gil Evans and Davis.It created the new sound of Miles Davis that move away from Bebop, and more towards unheard of genres of music. In August of 1959 Davis success continued with the release of his most successful album, Kind of Blue. This album went on to earn quadruple-platinum success, and to be the best-selling jazz album of all time. It never and entered my mind is my favorite track by Davis. It is the first track on Davis album, Workin performed by the Miles Davis Quintet. The track features Davis performing a truly cool, relaxed trumpet solo, with a walking scale on bass. The scale is a alternate and it repeats the entire song.First and foremost when listen to this piece, I just feel extremely relaxed. The song carries a heavy romantic tone to it that one cannot help but fall in love with. It is very much like most of his early trumpet playing because it lacks vibrato, and is overall an extremely smooth piece. On September 28, 1991, one year after receiving the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, Davis died at the young age of lxv from a stroke, pneumonia and respiratory failure. Davis music has been, and will continue to be popular and one of the most sought-afte r(a) after names in AmericanJazz. His influence on other genres spans wider than most people realize because of the amount of techniques and styles that he experimented with. No audience is out of reach of Davis music because of his uses elements of rock, pop, electronic, jazz and so many more genres. His self-discipline, talent, and love for music have earned him 9 Grammy Awards, including a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, a spot in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, stars on the Hollywood and Saint Louis Walks of Fame, and a Knighthood in Paris.These and countless other honors, combined with his record sales are proof of the popularity, influence, and success that Davis will enjoy for years to come in the fields of cool jazz, hard bop, free jazz, fusion and techno. Davis was a stickler for perfection and poured himself into every song he created and performed, and many musicians have him to thank for the success he has brought them. Works Cited Miles Davis Properties, L. Miles Dav is. Miles Davis. 9 Nov. 2009 http//www. milesdavis. com/. Miles Davis Quintet. Workin Rec. 1956. Prestige, 1987. Miles Davis. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2009. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 9 Nov. 2009 http//www. rockhall. com/inductee/miles-davis. NPR, Ken Burns, and Columbia/legacy . Miles Davis. 9 Nov. 2009 http//www. pbs. org/jazz/biography/artist_id_davis_miles. htm. Ouellette, Dan. Miles Ahead. Billboard119 (2007) 48-49. Academic Search Elite. EBSCO. Pickler Memorial Library, Kirksville. 9 Nov. 2009. Keyword Miles Davis. Paradowski, Robert J. Its About That while Miles Davis on and Off Record. (2005). EBSCOhost. Pickler Memorial Library, Kirksville. 9 Nov. 2009. Keyword Miles Davis.

What Does It Take to be Good Parents? Essay

Good morning ladies and gentlemen. I am Chong Cia Ling, the founder of Brainy Montessori. I am so grateful to pro ache such an honour standing here to deliver my speech entitled What does it contain to be good produces?. I am sure all the pargonnts here pull up stakes agree with me that existence p bents is tough. Bringing up tiddlerren is a very difficult task. Everyone wishes to be good p arents. However, near clippings we could be so discouraged and secondless when we sire the feedback that we are non good parents although we birth done our upmost to post the best for our nestlingren. What is the cause of that? Today, let us define how to be good parents together. A parent is verbalise to be a good parent only after coning how he has brought up his kidskinren. They should down up the children in a very good chasten. However, we need to bear in thinker that discipline does not mean that they draw to punish their children for every wrong doing. Recently there i s a renowned video of a Texas judge hitting his teenage daughter repeatedly with a belt. This father warrant his deportions as discipline. I beg to differ. According to the video, the father is not disciplining his daughter.He is engaging in an act of penalization intent on hurting, humiliating and controlling her Well, it is common that children do mistakes. Yet, what a good parent essential do is he has to ascertain him how to differentiate what is good and what is bad. We need to understand that giving punishment especially physical punishment will not help children in a way rather it will create new problems. Indeed, it hurts. For instance, children will blend in rebellious as they have already got use to the corporal punishment. Eventually, they will soften hatred towards their parents. Deborah Sendek (2011) in like manner claims that physical punishment is ineffective in parenting. It brook easily escalate and cross the line to abuse and serious injury, particularly when an instrument is used. Children proceed ablazely alienated from parent who hits them frequently.Research similarly shows that physical punishment makes it more likely that children will be defiant and aggressive in the future. These research findings have been endorsed by many prominent organizations, including the Ameri stand academy of Pediatrics, the Ameri mountain Medical Association, Voices for Americas Children, the National PTA, and the International Society for Prevention of Child sophisticate and Neglect that advocate against corporal punishment. We cannot deny that children need guidance and discipline but what works? strongdiscipline helps a child to develop self-control by teaching, guiding, modeling and explaining what is wrong and what to do instead. legal discipline starts with our attitudes ab bug out children and their behaviour. Redirection, discipline or punishment must include an explanation of why a behavior is unacceptable and what behavior is expe cted. Many terms a childs misbehavior is a mistake in judgment. In contrast, we hope our own mistakes serve as learning opportunities.We need to halt this same rule to children. We must curb our anger and allow time to think nigh what we emergency to teach. Positive and proactive discipline strategies work from toddlers to teenagers. In todays society, parents always have no time for children and thus, they hire maids to take care of children and bind them what they want. In this way, parents feel that they have fulfilled their work but it is not true According to Duncan, making a child feel cherished is the wholeness most important quality of an effective parent. It is also proved that in child development, kids who feel enjoy and cherished thrive. Duncan recommends spending time with your children doing what she wants to do. Every child needs to feel a sense of love and parents must love wisely. For theoretical account, play your child favourite game and read together. Be sides, parents should be like friends to their children.They have to discuss everything and spend quality time with children. Only if and so, children can feel the parental love. When children go to give instruction they will see so many others parents. They should not a get a touch perception that their parents are not taking care of them as his friends. Eventually, they will feel rejected and low self-esteem. In this case, parents must be very careful. However, we as parents need to note that every child is unique so it takes a different approach for that child to feel seen and loved. The hard work for us as parents is judge who our child is and cherishing her for being that person, even go guiding behaviour. Parents need to use a positive crystalline lens and celebrate every step in the right direction. One of the ways is to show affection finished warm words and physical touch. You will have no idea how a gentle cuddle, a little encouragement, appreciation, approval or ev en a smile can go a long way to boost the confidence and hale-being of your children. For instance, when you must correct a child, do it in love. It can avoid criticism and blaming. It is important to avoid using negative vocabulary like bad because your child whitethorn internalize the label, thinking she is unacceptableinstead of vindicatory the behaviour.When you love your child wisely, she will learn and love you back. When your child fail the test, analyse the reasons of failing the test with her, encourage her to try harder next time instead of scolding, blaming and hitting. Good parenting is much more than just teaching your children right and wrong, good or bad. It is also about consider. I am not talking about your children necessarily levering you. It is about you having gaze for them, particularly for their retirement. Always bear in mind that children also have human right. Give them a chance to voice their opinions, listen to their suggestions and give them some f reedom. In fact, parents need to respect childrens privacy as you would want them to respect yours. For example, if you teach your child that your room is out of boundaries to them, respect the same with their room. quit to feel that once they enter their room they can subsist that no one will wait through their drawers or read their diary.By respecting your children, they will be more open and respect you. As children hit adolescence they invariably begin to separate from their parents as a natural part of emergence up. Ironically, it is also a time when parents have mentions about their son or daughters precaution as they venture out more into the world on their own. Undeniably, this is quite a difficult time for most parents. It is a time of change, a time of testing. On one hand you are cross because your child is not as limiting as they once were and you keep pushing and pushing to get it on more about what going on in their life. You cannot be close, yet you need to b e close to keep them safe. Balancing your desire to know all the details with your childrens right for privacy and the respect implied when you acknowledge that right, is a very tricky feat to accomplish indeed. However, it is a balancing act that is well up worth the effort, especially for those of you who want to be the best parents that you can be.Thus, parents need to bear in mind not to be nosy parents. Do not dig around your teenagers belongings. never try to listen in conversations and avoid trying to keep children away from friends or activities out of enmity to try to keep them safe. Of course as parents we have to be cautious and watchful but we must use common sense also and give them room to grow, the last thing we want to do is drive our children away from us. Remember what is like for a young boy or girl to be entering that stage in life where new feelings and experiences are happening to them on a unremarkable occurrence. On the other hands, goodparents must be fle xible. Having standards does not mean you are rigid. As your child grows from infant to toddler to teen, her needs change along with her body. Kids Health reports that parents should not compare one child to another.Parents nowa days tend to compare their childrens behaviour or go on with other children of the same age. Indeed, they are causing stress for themselves and their children. Comparing your children with others is an ultimately useless activity I understand that it is hard to elude as we tend to assess our progress in any area of life by checking out how we compare with our peers. But come to think of it, when you were a child in school, you probably compared yourself to your schoolmates. Your teachers whitethorn not have graded you nut you knew who the smart kids were and were you ranked in the packing order. Now that you have kids of your own, do you still keep an eye on your peers? Do you use progress and behaviour of their kids as benchmarks to help you assess your o wn performance as well as your childs progress? Children develop at different rates. There are early developers, slow bloomers and steady-as-you-go children in every group. So, analyze your childs results or performance can be entirely unrealistic. What does this mean to you? Focus on your childs improvement and effort. Use your childs results as the benchmark for his or her progress and development.You can tell your child like thisYour spelling is better today than it was a few days ago instead of getting frustrated at them for not able to score as well as other children. Encourage them to take a step at a time they will grow up as a fine man one day. Parents, give your child some time. They need you in this learning journey. Besides, children have different talents, interests and strengths. Well, your eight years old child may not be able to ride a bicycle even though your neighbours child can. Avoid comparing the two as your child may not care about bicycle anyway. At this poin t of time, you as a parent should help your child to identify his or her own talents or interests and help them to be exceled in it. Recognize that his or her strengths and interests may be completely different to those of his peers or siblings. Sometimes parents can have unrealistic expectations for their children. We all have hopes and dreams for our kids, but they may not be in line with their interests and talents. Thus, parents need to keep your expectations for success in line with their abilities and interests.If expectations are too high, kids willgive up. If they are too low, they will usually meet them Parents should take experience in their childrens performance at school, sport or leisure activities. You should also celebrate their achievements and milestones, such as taking their first steps, scoring their first goal in a game or getting great marks at school. In addition, rules should shift to match the age, needs and development of your children. For instant, you ma jor power expect a child of two to throw temper tantrum but not a teen. An effective parent takes cues from her child, whether an infants cry or a teenagers moods to know what will work best in a particular situation. So parents, stay tuned to your childs evolving needs by keeping involved in her life. Furthermore, parents need to teach emotional intelligence to child. For instance, you teach your child to self-soothe. According to research, little ones do not learn to self-soothe by being left to cry. That just creates an over-active amygdala and panic response later in life. While soothing is a physiological process.For instance, when a baby cries and we soothe him, his body responds by sending out oxytocin and other soothing biochemicals. What you see is that he calms down and later he develops the ability to soothe himself when he is upset. Parents also can give them the message that their full range of feelings is understandable, even while their actions must be limited. Upmost , parents need to listen to them when they have feelings to express. Occasionally this will take the form of words, and it helps to give children kind words for their feelings Youre so wan but more often, children just need us to give them the safety of our loving presence while they cry or rage to vent their feelings. Often they will not be able to explicate what they are upset about, and it is not necessary. However, this helps children to learn to accept and process their emotions, so they can move past(a) them rather than having to act on them. What does acting out mean? We act on our feelings rather than just tolerating them as they sweep through us and dissipate. While you are teaching your child about emotional intelligence, you need to set as a good example too. If you are easily lose tempered, then you cannot blame of your children of throwing temper.They are learning from you Sometime your emotional unstableness will affect the development of your child. never argue wi th your spouse in front of the children. If they are sleeping, argue quietly. Modern divorce rates have children feeling insecure and fearfulwhen they hear parents bickering. Eventually, children will learn to argue with each other and become a hot tempered person. Show them that when people disagree, they can discuss their differences peacefully. Most of the children will get disappointed when their parents gave empty promise. There are so many cases whereby children do not even conceptualize a single word that their parents said because the parents never put those promises in heart. Please imagine the feeling when someone that you trust and admire most always gives you a false hope. How you need to react? totally of you are adults so you may know how to deal with it but hold on, how about our little children? They can be so disappointed, helpless, frustrated and even fall into depression Some may even become rebellious as they thinking the parents are keep giving excuses of unab le to fulfill the promises and never concern about their feelings. So, parents, you should do as what you have promisedLastly, every parent should accept the truth that everyone is not perfect. Dr. Sears also reminds parents that it is fine to be imperfect as long as you set a good example most of the time. You may did some mistake in bringing up your child. It is not an unforgiving mistake. picture the lesson and apologise to your child if it is necessary. All in all, in any case, even the most effective parents cannot genetical traits or the outside environment. Trust your instincts as parents but dont confuse effective parenting with perfection. arrange showing love and flexibility towards yourself, as well as towards your children. Before I end my speech, I would like to wish all the parents the best in this journey of parenthood. Thank you for listening.ReferencesDeborah Sendek. (2011). Physical Punishment Doesnt help, It Hurts. Retrieved from http//edition.cnn.com/2011/11/0 9/opinion/sendek-corporalpunishment/index.htmlDont Compare Your Kids to Others. Retrieved fromhttp//mums.bodyandsoul.com.au/pregnancy+parenting/parenting+tips/dont+compare+your+kids+to+others,9385Respecting and Giving Kids Their Privacy. Retrieved fromhttp//www.more4kids.info/632/respecting-kids-privacy/